mixed material bibliography 2025 monographic 1 Januari 2025 id Indonesia

Jurnal

ABSTRACT Cyclosporine A (CsA) is the prevalent immunosuppressive drug for preventing and treating graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in both children and adults. Population pharma- cokinetic studies have identified covariates, owing to their large between-subject variability, facilitating indi- vidualized therapy. However, no review has summarized CsA’s population pharmacokinetics post-HSCT. This systematic review aims to synthesize population pharmacokinetic studies of CsA therapy in HSCT recipients and explore influencing covariates. Thirteen studies, comprising five involving children, one involving both children and adults and seven involving adults, were included. The median apparent clearance in children surpassed that in adults, influenced notably by hematocrit level and body. While liver function impacted clearance, the effect was insignificant. Co-administration with cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole (Diflucan) or itraconazole) decreased drug clearance, whereas inducers (e.g., rifampicin or rifapentine) increased it. Area under the curve analysis is recommended over trough concentration-based monitoring for HSCT recipients on CsA. In cases of insufficient trough concentration, additional sampling points are recommended for improved area under the curve estimation. Further studies are needed to evaluate the optimal sampling points required for the area under the curve estimation in CsA therapy post-HSCT. Trough concentration Cyclosporine A Area under the curve PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN SAMARINDA REPOSITORY JIN0142 Perpus.Akfarsam (Jurnal Farmasi Internasional) 615 ASI 1 Januari 2025 1_January_2025.jpeg.jpeg 2359 2026-07-13 13:01:28 2026-07-13 13:11:38 machine generated