mixed material bibliography Amerika 2021 monographic Volume 151 Issue 2 2021 id Indonesia

Karya Tulis Ilmiah

ABSTRACT Background: Anemia, iron deficiency, and iodine deficiency are problems of important public health concern in many parts of the world, with consequences for the health, development, and work capacity of populations. Several countries are beginning to implement double fortified salt (DFS) programs to simultaneously address iodine and iron deficiencies. Objective: Our objective was to summarize the evidence for efficacy and effectiveness of DFS on the full range of status and functional outcomes and across different implementation and evaluation designs essential to successful interventions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and gray literature examining the effects of DFS on nutritional status, cognition, work productivity, development, and morbidity of all population groups. We searched for articles in Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register, and ProQuest for randomized trials, quasi- randomized trials, and program effectiveness evaluations. Results: A total of 22 studies (N individuals = 52,758) were included. Efficacy studies indicated a significant overall positive effect on hemoglobin concentration [standardized mean difference (95% CI): 0.33 (0.18, 0.48)], ferritin [0.42 (0.08, 0.76)], anemia [risk ratio (95% CI): 0.80 (0.70, 0.92)], and iron deficiency anemia [0.36 (0.24, 0.55)]. Effects on urinary iodine concentration were not significantly different between DFS and iodized salt. The impact on functional outcomes was mixed. Only 2 effectiveness studies were identified. They reported programmatic challenges including low coverage, suboptimal DFS quality, and storage constraints. Conclusions: Given the biological benefits of DFS across several populations in efficacy research, additional evaluations of robust DFS programs delivered at scale, which consider effective implementation and measure appropriate biomarkers, are needed. J Nutr 2021;151:15S–28S. Clinical Nutrition PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN SAMARINDA REPOSITORY JIG0002 Perpus.Akfarsam (Rak Jurnal Internasional) 612.3 THE o The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Volume 151 Issue 2 2021 2121 2025-07-21 08:14:53 2025-11-26 09:11:57 machine generated