Biodiversitas Jurnal Of Biological Diversity Sebelas Maret University Volume 22, Number 3, Maret 2021

Title	Biodiversitas Jurnal Of Biological Diversity Sebelas Maret University Volume 22, Number 3, Maret 2021
Edition	Volume 22, Number 3, Maret 2021
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Subject(s)	Biological
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GMD	Karya Tulis Ilmiah
Language	Indonesia
Publisher	The Society For Indonesia Biodiversity
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Publishing Place	Surakarta
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Abstract/Notes	Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms HALIDA ADISTYA PUTRI1 , AGUS PURWITO1,2 , SUDARSONO1,2 , DEWI SUKMA1,2, 1Plant Breeding & Biotechnology Program, Graduate School, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Meranti, IPB University Campus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia 2Departemen Agronomy dan Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Meranti, IPB University Campus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia. Tel.: +62-251-8622642,  email: dewi_sukma@apps.ipb.ac.id Manuscript received: 20 November 2020. Revision accepted: 28 January 2021. Abstract. Putri HA, Purwito A, Sudarsono, Sukma D. 2021. Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms. Biodiversitas 22: 1077-1090. Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is a prominent donor for the white petal and sepal trait in Phalaenopsis breeding. However, it has an undesirable character, such as susceptible to soft-rot disease. Therefore, developing soft-rot resistance mutants through gamma irradiation could be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the variability of plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms using morphology, stomatal size and molecular markers and to test responses of the plantlets against soft-rot disease. The plantlets were regenerated from irradiated (5, 10, 15 or 20 Gy) and non-irradiated protocorms. The results showed that P. amabilis plantlet variants were successfully identified based on their leaf morphology and stomatal size variations. A few plantlets have low stomatal densities, large stomatal size, and high chloroplast numbers, which indicated they were polyploids. Leaf disc assay for soft-rot disease response grouped most of the plantlets into very susceptible or susceptible. Moreover, four soft-rot resistant plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms were successfully identified. The resistant plantlets were identified after three consecutive periods of inoculations with pathogens causing soft-rot disease. The evaluation also confirmed nucleotide variation in the Pto gene isolated from different levels of plantlet variant resistance responses. Keywords: Dickeya dadantii, irradiation, Phalaenopsis amabilis, Pto gene, SNAP markers, soft-rot disease
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